缓冲区基于“增大化现实”技术e solutions where thepHdoes not vary significantly when adding small amounts of anacid or a base,这是由于常见离子的效果。缓冲区基于“增大化现实”技术e used to maintain a nearly constant pH, this is important as a change in pH may largely affect the outcome of an experiment, through processes such as denaturing proteins. The pH of a buffer can be calculated using the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation, shown in figure 1a. If you are dealing with a weak base, and only know the pKb, then you first need to calculate pKawith the following relationship shown in figure 1b. There is also a variation of the equation where you obtain pOH using pKb, shown in equation 1c. Then to calculate the pH from pOH you can use the relationship shown in equation 1d.
Figure 1: 1a) Henderson–Hasselbalch equation. 1b) Equation to obtain pKafrom pKb. 1c) Equation to obtain pOH from pKb. 1d) Equation to obtain pH from pOH.
Buffers can be preparedusing many different methods.