Xerophytes are plants that can tolerate droughts and grow in areas with low rainfall. Such plantsadaptto the extreme environment by morphological and anatomical features. Some plants even have adaptations at a cellular level. The adaptive features can be divided into four main principles:

• Maximize water uptake
• Minimize water loss
• Specialized structures forwater storageto get the most out of water when it is available
• Adaptation to the stomata

Cactiandacacia trees是xeroph的例子ytic plants.

Harborne, J. B.(1977).The plant and its biochemical adaptation to the environment. Introduction to ecological biochemistry.Academic Press, London, UK: 1-27.

Deeba, Farah, and Vivek Pandey. (2017).Adaptive Mechanisms of Desiccation Tolerance in Resurrection Plants. Plant Adaptation Strategies in Changing Environment.Springer, Singapore, 2017. 29-75.